Identifying Organizational Empowering Dimensions of Employees with a Psychological Approach

Background & Aims: Empowerment is the most important challenge for managers in this era. Because organizations are subject to rapid and unpredictable changes. Among the most important factors of these changes, we can mention the increasing global competition, the development and expansion of information technology, and changes in the characteristics and demands of customers. The change in the conditions of today's organizations has led to a change in their attitude towards human resources. In this situation, the employees of the organization have become the main operators of the workflow and partners of the organization. Empowerment, as one of the approaches to human resources development in the last few decades, has become the basis for many positive developments in the implementation of the work activities of employees. In today's changing conditions, organizations have no choice but to make proper use of human resources. Based on this, the only factor that creates balance in the organization will be employee empowerment. Empowerment is a tool that aligns individual goals with organizational goals and creates the belief that the progress of the organization will bring benefits to the employees. Empowering people means encouraging people to participate more in decisions that are effective in their activities, that is, providing a space for people to be able to create good ideas and bring them to life. Empowerment is a vital element of business in the new world. Goals such as getting closer to the customer, improving services, continuously providing innovation, increasing productivity, and taking control of the field will be achieved for organizations that have found new ways to empower their employees. Empowerment is a new stimulus for growing organizational environments that leads to employee mobility and creativity. On the other hand, due to the rapid growth of technology and the change in work, as well as the replacement of computers, robots, and fully automatic devices in jobs, important strategic empowerment for the development of various organizations to adapt to external changes and one It is one of the main issues of organizations. On the other hand, the main feature of empowering employees is aligning individual and organizational goals. In any case, empowerment can be seen as including a set of measures and methods that change the behavior of employees and make them more ready to take better decisions according to the conditions of the organization and by presenting Khalatit, in demanding team activities, should lead the organization in the direction of productivity. On the other hand, one of the effective factors of organizational effectiveness in sports environments is skilled and efficient human resources. The findings showed that there is a relationship between employee empowerment and job satisfaction. Also, empowered employees are likely to increase their motivational feelings, which helps them to gain the necessary power and control and acquire the necessary knowledge and skills to address the needs of customers. obtain It seems that the psychological approach is one of the other effective components of organizational empowerment mechanisms, and according to past studies, the psychological approach is also influenced by the human spirit and its dimensions; Therefore, in this research, an attempt is made to identify the organizational empowering dimensions of employees with a psychological approach. Methods: The research method was a combination of exploratory mixed research (qualitative-quantitative). The statistical population of the research in the qualitative part included the selected experts of Mazandaran Education Organization with experience in management and policy-making, to reach a consensus in the Delphi method, the sample size in the qualitative part was determined by taking into account the law of saturation to the number of 20 people. And in the quantitative part, the statistical population included the employees of education departments of 32 districts and cities of Mazandaran province. In the quantitative section, the sample size was determined to be 320 using the Karjesi and Morgan table. The sampling method in the quantitative part was random. The method of collecting information is the library method, and the measurement tool in the qualitative part is a semi-structured interview in the quantitative part, it includes a researcher-made questionnaire, the questions of which were taken from the data obtained from the interview. Determining the validity of the present research questionnaire was carried out by two methods: 1. Formal and 2. Content. In the formal method, the questionnaire was given to a group of experts. To analyze the data, the Delphi technique was used in the qualitative part and the Friedman test was used in the quantitative part. Results: The findings showed that in terms of prioritization, the dimensions of organizational empowerment of employees are as follows. 1) Decision making 2) Citizenship skills 3) Individual characteristics 4) Cooperation. Conclusion: Empowering employees is a new method that is used by managers to increase productivity by increasing employees' commitment to the organization and vice versa. Empowerment is a different way for people to work with each other, and its main goal is to change the management structure from a traditional and pyramidal form to a cooperative structure. Empowerment is not only a kind of internal work motivation but also an active motivational tendency. Empowerment, as a new way of creating motivation, has become one of the hottest topics in management today. The existence of rapid changes, technological advances, and open and hidden competition in the world has made the importance and necessity of empowerment more obvious. Empowerment is achieved through internal and external challenges of the organization. External challenges include increasing the acceleration of changes, a competitive environment, new expectations of customers, and new market conditions. Internal challenges emphasize the maintenance of existing human resources, increasing the level of motivation, growth, and flourishing of talent and skills of employees. Empowerment is widely used in different ways. Many managers in the workplace talk about empowerment, and writers and experts recommend empowerment management as a solution to many organizational problems. Empowerment has been used for years in areas such as social work, urban redevelopment, and foreign development.